PT-141

Bremelanotide (PT-141)

An FDA-approved melanocortin agonist for hypoactive sexual desire disorder with central nervous system mechanism.

100% 50% · t½ Time → Serum level
Molecular Weight
1025.18 Da
Half-Life
~2.7 hours
Typical Dose
1–2 mg
Cycle Length
As needed

Description

PT-141 (Bremelanotide) is a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide analog of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) that was developed from Melanotan II. It was approved by the FDA in 2019 as Vyleesi for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women — the first and only centrally-acting pharmacological treatment for female sexual dysfunction. Unlike PDE5 inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil) which work peripherally by increasing genital blood flow, PT-141 acts centrally through melanocortin receptors in the hypothalamus and limbic system, directly activating the neural circuits responsible for sexual desire and arousal. This central mechanism makes it effective for both men and women and in cases where PDE5 inhibitors have failed, as it addresses the motivational/desire component of sexual function rather than the vascular component.

Key Characteristics

Molecular FormulaC50H68N14O10
Molecular Weight1025.18 Da
Half-Life~2.7 hours
Administration RoutesSubcutaneous injection, Intranasal (original formulation)
Typical Dose1–2 mg
FrequencyAs needed (45–60 min before activity)
Cycle LengthAs needed

Investigated Benefits

  • Enhanced sexual desire (men and women)
  • Improved arousal
  • Effective regardless of hormonal status
  • Central mechanism (works when PDE5 inhibitors fail)

* Benefits based on preclinical/animal research unless otherwise noted.